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Ven a descubrir el arte de la espada japonesa

El Kenjutsu (剣術) y el Battōjutsu (抜刀術)

Las artes marciales japonesas más relacionadas con la espada. Ya sea katana o wakizashi, nodachi o tantō, se incluye cualquier tipo de espada que haya sido manejada por samuráis. A caballo entre el Zen y el Sintoísmo, derivados del Bujutsu y el Heihō, con una influencia que se remonta directamente al legendario Miyamoto Musashi, la Wa Rei Ryū continúa esta tradición centenaria del arte de la espada.

Saikazaki is a promontory in the northwestrn part of the Saikanoura Bay. The promontory, complete with a lighthouse, has earned the nickname Takanosu (Hawk's Nest) because of its sheer precipices, which a hawk might find attractive as a nesting place.

Saikazaki is known as a scenic spot characterized by rugged rock formations of exposed crystalline schist. Below the cliffs is a cave named Shoninkutsu, traditionally believed to have been the hiding place used by Kyōnyō Shōnin, a Buddhist monk from the Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple, during a battle between the temple and warlord Oda Nobunaga in the latter 16th century.

One of the earliest known literary mentions of this location, a poem describing Saikanoura Bay and its night fishing torches used by fisherfolk, can be found in the 8th century poetry anthology Man'yōshū.

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Wakayama Castle's collection

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The story of the Wakayama Castle begins in 1585, when Hashiba (Toyotomi) Hideyoshi ordered his younger brother, Hidenaga, to construct a castle on Mt. Okayama (now known as Mt. Torafusu) and Todo Takatora, soon to be known as an expert castle builder, overlooked the construction.

In the same year, Kuwayama Shigeharu enters as Hidenaga's castle keeper, later becoming castle lord when Hidenaga's family line ended. During Toyotomi and Kuwayama's periods as castle lord, castle improvements focused on the mountain top and Okaguchi area.

In 1600, after the battle of Sekigahara, Asano Yoshinaga enters the castle, creating a black paneled castle with interconnected towers and then he proceeds to construct the Honmaru, Ninomaru, and Yonnomaru baileys as part of the lord's castle. The main gate was also changed from the Okaguchimon to the Ichinohashimon Gate, and centering upon the main gate's roadway, the castle and surrounding town were constructed outwards in a square-like distribution.

In 1619, Tokugawa leyasu's 10th son, Yorinobu, enters the castle, forming the Kishu branch of the great three Tokugawa families.
Starting with the expansion of Ninomaru bailey's west end, the Minaminomaru and Sunanomaru baileys were incorporated into the inner bailey, bringing the castle close to its current shape.

In 1871, with the abolition of the Han system, Wakayama Castle came under the army's jurisdiction.

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During the Toyotomi's time, the Tamatsukuri-Inari shrine, which was supposedly founded in the 12 BC, has been revered as the Ōsaka castle's guardian shrine.

Back then, it was located in Sanno-maru, the outer part of the castle.
Therefore many famous samurai lived around there, including Maeda Toshiie, Ukita Hideie, Hosokawa Tadaoki and many more.

Hideyori and his mother, Lady Yodo, especially venerated this shrine, thus they granted 500 koku of land and most of the shintō rituals held in the castle were conducted by the shrine's priests.

In 1603, the renovation work of the shrine was made following the order of Hideyori and the stone torii he donated still exists in the precinct.

The Yonazuka daimyō-jin, a small shrine which houses the placenta and umbilical cord that connected Lady Yodo and Hideyori is also enshrined in the temple's precinct.

To commemorate the great lord, his statue was made based on the historical records and the information from the imperial household agency.

He is dressed in the ikan-sokutai, a formal attire only worn by people of high rank, which is appropriate for the heir of the Sekkan regent family.

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The Ōsaka Castle, built by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, was a magnificent castle that was praised as "unrivaled within the three kingdoms (Japan, China and India)" and "the strongest in Japan".

However, after Hideyoshi's death, the castle fell during the Summer War of Ōsaka.

Later, when the Tokugawa government rebuilt the Ōsaka Castle, they buried Toyotomi's one underground with a large amount of earth, as if to erase the authority of the Toyotomi family.

The final events of the 1615's Summer War are considered by many as the last Japanese feudal battles, as well as the true starting point of the Tokugawa shōgunate and the true beginning of the Edo period.

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The hill called Chausu-yama is where the first shōgun Tokugawa leyasu set up his field headquarters in the Winter War of Ōsaka, in 1614.

In 1615, Sanada Yukimura, who rose as a heroic commander, formed his camp there as well, for a decisive battle in the Summer War of Ōsaka.

Shortly after noon on May 7th of 1615, a troop of 3,500 men led by Yukimura collided with a force of 15,000 men led by the lord of Echizen.

His name was Matsudaira Tadanao and he led the most powerful troops on the Tokugawa side.

Although greatly outnumbered by the enemy, Yukimura's troops, driven by strong morale, fought at the risk of their lives and through the line of the Echizen forces.

They struck straight into Tokugawa Ieyasu's main camp three times, but they were finally defeated by ferocious counterattacks by the Echizen forces despite their brave fight.

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This building was part of the river pleasure boat (funa-yakata) owned by the lord of Himeji around the end of the 17th century and it continued to be used on the river until the end of the Edo period (1603-1868).

At the beginning of the Meiji period (1868-1912), it was moved from the Shikama port area to Takasago, at which time the cabin was detached from the boat so that it could be used as a tea house.

In 1941, it was relocated to the residence of Ushio Yoshiro in Maiko, Tarumi-ku, Kobe City.

In 1978, it was donated to the city of Kobe by Mr. Ushio and moved to its current location.

All wood surfaces both inside and outside were painted with either transparent or thick black lacquer, the tie beams and rafter ends were fitted with metal decorations covered in gold leaf, and the sliding door and window frames were coated in black lacquer and the spaces between them covered in gold leaf, giving the structure a luxurious and delicate beauty.

Based on the family crests seen on the decorative metal fittings, it is thought that the barge was built sometime between 1682 and 1704, when the Honda clan was assigned to rule the Himeji domain.

During the Edo period, the feudal lords of western Japan built these pleasure boats, often in competition with one another, to travel to their compulsory residences in the distant Edo capital.

Very few of these barges remain and this is the only remaining example of a pleasure boat for river use.

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As of 2024, the All Japan Swordsmith Association (Zen Nihon Tōshōkai) comprises 168 active swordsmiths. To become a recognized swordsmith, an apprentice must train under a licensed swordsmith approved by the Agency for Cultural Affairs (Bunka-cho) for at least five years.
Additionally, they must complete the Art Swordsmithing Technical Preservation Training Program, organized by the Agency for Cultural Affairs. This program rigorously evaluates both theoretical knowledge and practical sword-making skills, making its completion a formidable challenge for those without a solid technical foundation.

Yet, beyond obtaining official recognition, the true challenge for a swordsmith lies in the continual creation of outstanding works and the preservation of traditional techniques for future generations.
Japanese sword-making is not a solitary craft: it relies on close collaboration with skilled artisans in polishing (togishi), scabbard-making (saya-shi) and metal fittings (kinko-shi), all of whom dedicate themselves to maintaining and refining their respective arts.
In addition to the training of successors, today's swordsmiths must also contend with pressing issues such as the availability of raw materials, including charcoal and whetstones, which are essential to the craft.
The aging of artisans further exacerbates these challenges, with the number of association members nearly halving from a peak of 310 swordsmiths in 1989 to today's levels.

Despite these obstacles, the swordsmiths who have devoted themselves to this path continue to pursue excellence with unwavering dedication. With passion for their craft, they uphold a tradition that has endured for a thousand years, striving to forge blades that will be remembered for generations to come.

From the first creations of emerging swordsmiths to the masterfully refined works of seasoned artisans, this exhibition presents an array of exceptional pieces crafted by the members of the All Japan Swordsmith Association, in exhibition at the Ōsaka Museum of History until the 26th of May 2025.

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In the heart of the forests of the Kōyasan stands the Okunoin, the focal point of religious faith of this holy mountain.

For the believers, and particularly for those following the doctrine of Shingon Buddhism, it is the sacred site where Kūkai (774-835) remains in eternal meditation.

Along the two kilometres path leading from the Ichi-no-hashi Bridge to the Gobyo Mausoleum, more than 200,000 monuments ranging from the graves of feudal lords to various memorials stand among huge centuries-old Japanese cedars.

Some of the most prestigious names include Takeda Shingen, Uesugi Kenshin, Akechi Mitsuhide, Honda Tadakatsu, the Toyotomi family and Oda Nobunaga.

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